THE ROLE of ENERGY SYSTEMS in DETERMINING LOADING PARAMETERS for GOAL-ORIENTED EXERCISE
Relative Strength
Relative strength is defined as strength relative to one’s body weight. For example, if a 150 lb person and a 200 lb person both lift 300 pounds in a given lift, the 150 lb person has a higher level of relative strength in that lift. Relative strength is critical for athletes who use the anaerobic a-lactic system and the anaerobic lactic acid system as their main sources of energy. Maximal strength and limit strength are synonymous with relative strength.
Hypertrophy Strength and Hypertrophy – The Important Difference
Hypertrophy strength – also called functional hypertrophy – is the increased ability to exert force as a direct result of greater functional mass, or muscle tissue. The term hypertrophy refers to the increase in size of muscle cells, as well as to the increase in the number of contractile (muscle) fibers.
Good examples of athletes who benefit from hypertrophy strength training are American football and rugby players. The high-contact nature of their sports demands that they have extra muscle tissue to serve as body armor. Bodybuilding is a sport that relies completely on hypertrophy training.
Hypertrophy relies on the principle of progressive overload, which states that the body adapts and becomes resistant to the same training load over time. In order to grow and make progress, one needs to constantly change the weights, reps, sets, and rest period.
*** It is important to understand that hypertrophy occurs, to some degree, at all levels of resistance training, BUT, the amount of hypertrophy an individual experiences at any intensity bracket is a function of their genetic predisposition and fiber type. Therefore, the greatest amounts of hypertrophy do not occur in the same intensity bracket that the greatest increases in strength, or the greatest increases in endurance, occur. This factor, and the ability to manipulate it to athletic advantage, is the most important concept in strength coaching today. ***
Hypertrophy strength is a function of the anaerobic lactic acid energy system.
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