THE ROLE of ENERGY SYSTEMS in DETERMINING LOADING PARAMETERS for GOAL-ORIENTED EXERCISE
During exercise, your body relies on three basic energy systems: the anaerobic a-lactic system, the anaerobic lactic system, and the aerobic system. Depending on the sports played, athletes rely on one system more than the others. An understanding of the involved energy systems in a particular sport gives valuable information about the strength qualities necessary in that sport. This information gives the personal trainer or strength coach clues on how to conduct the strength training.
The Three Basic Energy Systems – A Summary
Anaerobic A-Lactic (ATP-CP) Energy System
The anaerobic a-lactic (ALA) system, also known as the ATP-CP, or adenosine triphosphate – creatine phosphate system, provides high bursts of start-up energy for activities that last less than ten seconds in duration. Athletes who compete in sports that require high amounts of short duration acceleration – shot-putters, weight lifters, American football linemen, gymnasts, or sprint-distance speed skaters use the anaerobic a-lactic system. The ALA system does not create energy for sufficient duration to create a great deal of waste products.
Anaerobic Lactic (Glycolytic) Energy System
The anaerobic lactic (AL) system (also known as fast glycolysis) provides energy for medium to high intensity bursts of activity that lasts from ten seconds to two minutes. Some American football skill positions, baseball players, soccer players, judokas, middle distance runners (400m-800m) and sprinters rely on this system. The anaerobic lactic system, as well as the ATP-CP system, are capable of high intensity levels, and do not rely on oxygen for fuel.
